Author Topic: Interested in advice  (Read 2659 times)

Offline dmcclain

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Interested in advice
« on: 2016 June 25 08:52:18 »
I have been looking at variations in the processing of Bayered image data. In one variation, I use the recommended VNG deBayering to produce the integrated image from a stack of observations. In another variation, I use the SuperPixel deBayering, along with Drizzle registration and integration to produce the same size image as with VNG deBayering.

I have done two such data sets so far and find completely opposite results. In one case the drizzled superpixel image is superior to the VNG image, where the VNG image shows color fringing on stars and the drizzled superpixel image does not.

In yet another data set, there is no substantial color fringing in the VNG, and the VNG image shows much higher nebular feature resolution than the drizzled superpixel image. Looking at their FFT magnitude images, indeed, the drizzled superpixel has much less information content at higher spatial frequencies.

I find this contradiction perplexing. Anyone have expertise to offer?

[ to elaborate a bit, all of the data are undersampled. My sensor pixel size is 3.69 microns on a 425 mm FL C8 HyperStar, my star images tend toward FWHM around 4-5 pixels. The camera is an ATIK 490 OSC. With the poor seeing at my backyard site, it seems a good candidate for SuperPixel deBayering. Drizzled stacks contain 12 subs.]
« Last Edit: 2016 June 25 09:02:19 by dmcclain »

Offline Buzz

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Re: Interested in advice
« Reply #1 on: 2016 June 25 10:49:11 »
The resources suggest to use superpixel debayer method with significantly oversampled data. You say you have undersampled data... Could that be it?
regards
Chris

Offline dmcclain

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Re: Interested in advice
« Reply #2 on: 2016 June 26 10:07:45 »
No, perhaps I didn't make the situation clear enough. My observing site has pretty severe seeing, compared to pristine observatory sites. My seeing disk is typically about 7 arcsec. My pixels are individually about 1.8 arcsec. But they are arranged in a Bayer matrix. Hence, with these conditions, SuperPixel deBayering produces probably the very best color distribution that one could hope for.

Drizzle is used to slightly increase the resolution of your image data by taking advantage of randomly sampled sub-pixel phasings, and drizzling each sample onto a higher density sampling grid. In this default case, we are upsampling by 2x and dropping our pixel data as though they were 0.9 pixels in size. The resulting drizzle map shows pretty good coverage, worst (around 0.6) at the edges of the stack, where you'd expect the failure of overlap due to dithering.

By using SuperPixel deBayering, I'm routinely seeing good star images, with no undue color fringing. I'm using a mostly reflector telescope with only a few field lenses in the HyperStar assembly, and that front corrector plate on the C8 of course. So I wouldn't expect the optics to produce the kind of color fringing that is more common with camera lenses and refractors.

There have been some claims made that Drizzle integration produces better, more round, star images. In looking at my own data where I compare a VNG luminance image against a Drizzled SuperPixel luminance image, using the FWHMEccentricity tool on a very busy star field, like around the Eastern Veil Nebula, I find that claim to be false. The VNG image shows better statistics, but wider variation across the FOV. The difference between them is slight, however.

There will be some degree of false increase in high spatial frequency resolution when using any kind of interpolation onto a higher density sampling grid, as happens with VNG deBayering. It is very easy to see that with the FFT magnitude of an image. The Bayering matrix also produces its own aliasing patterns in those FFT images, different for B & R, versus the pair of G channel pixels.

And drizzling will likewise produce some degree of high spatial frequency enhancement, but of a different kind. My VNG images show significantly more power in the higher spatial frequencies than the SuperPixel drizzled images. And I might expect that. But anything produced at those high spatial frequencies in the VNG image, where those spatial frequency regions overlap the aliasing islands produced by the Bayer matrix, are suspect. By contrast, the drizzled SuperPixel images seem to respect those aliasing regions and avoid placing much power in them.

... so I forgot what I was asking about.... perhaps I just answered my own question...


Offline dmcclain

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Re: Interested in advice
« Reply #3 on: 2016 June 26 10:20:04 »
... on the whole, I'm coming to believe that, for my observing conditions with broad smearing due to poor seeing, the very best and proper images are really those derived from SuperPixel deBayering and drizzling.

I'm also finding that the best diminution of field stars happens by way of forming a synthetic L channel image from the drizzle integrated color image, using ImageIntegration against the color calibrated R, G, and B planes. Then masking off the stars in the L image and performing a morphological selection to gently erode the stars. Then using MaskedStretch on both the L and color images before combining them to produce a nonlinear image.

In other words, do the star erosion in the linear luminance image, leave the color image alone. Stretch them both to nonlinear domain and then combine them. That preserves the color information into the eroded stars and also produces the fewest spider-vein artifacts due to morphological erosion.

That's for my own site. Others will likely find better approaches for their own sites. But this produces very good images for me.