Steve,
I've not yet mastered this process so I can't help you much, sorry. As I understand it it's a process that splits the image into its wavelet (detail size) layers and allows you to process each separately before putting them back together. I suspect that HDRWT is a more tightly packaged version of this process. The only times I've used Atrous has been to extract wavelet layers to examine structure in certain detail levels, not to actually process an image.
I hope someone with more knowledge will jump in and correct me and explain more. I look forward to reading that
