I did ultimately get this all figured out -- even though I was troubleshooting a problem with a camera, this really helped me understand and visually confirm what is happening in calibration. What I ended up doing was creating a number of synthetic light, dark, bias, and flat frames in an image editor. That way, it became very easy to work with in both PixelMath and IC, and the differences with either visually obvious or easy to compare.
The test frames are TIFs and too big to attach here, but if anyone wants them for their own tinkering, let me know and happy to upload them.