in pixelmath, set up for a single expression, and write "$T==0" in the first field (but remove the quotes). then click "create new image" and apply the process to your frame. you will get a new image with only black and white pixels. every white pixel in the new image corresponds with a black pixel in the original image.
there's no pixels below 0 in any calibrated image generated by PI; 0 is the lowest possible value. if the result of a calibration calculation on any pixel is 0 or < 0, it will be clamped at 0.
rob